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NR 566 Week 5 Quiz – 100% Correct Answers

1. Question: A patient presents with a persistent non-productive cough consistent with URI. The patient reports trying OTC meds without relief. Which med acts within the CNS and can be considered an alternative?
2. Question: Approved use of topical tretinoin other than acne treatment?
3. Question: Which med should be reserved for patients who do not respond to or cannot tolerate intranasal glucocorticoids?
4. Question: A 35-year-old patient presents to the ED with symptoms of acute allergic rhinitis. Which class of medication would be the most appropriate for providing symptomatic relief?
5. Question: A patient presents with severe nasal congestion associated with allergic rhinitis. The patient reports using an OTC topical sympathomimetic spray for the past 7 days without relief. What is the patient most likely experiencing after using the topical spray for 7 days?
6. Question: An elderly patient with glaucoma presents with orthostatic hypotension. Which class of glaucoma medications is most likely responsible for the hypotension in this patient?
7. Question: A patient returns to the clinic with persistent symptoms of intense pruritus and erythema in the external auditory canal despite initial treatment with 2% acetic acid solution. Which topical medication should be prescribed next for suspected fungal otitis externa according to the course book?
8. Question: A patient with severe nodulocystic acne vulgaris has been taking isotretinoin for 3 months. They report experiencing severe headache, vision changes, and vomiting. What action should the provider take?
9. Question: A patient with psoriasis seeks treatment. Which keratolytic agent would be most appropriate for promoting shedding of the stratum corneum?
10. Question: A patient presents with symptoms of allergic rhinitis including nasal congestion and itching. The patient has a history of hypertension. Which sympathomimetic medication carries the highest risk on the blood vessels?
11. Question: A 20-year-old with mild acne needs a fast-acting topical treatment that reduces inflammation and avoids antibiotic resistance. Which therapy should be prescribed?
12. Question: Which complication can occur if necrotizing otitis externa is left untreated?
13. Question: A 14-month-old infant presents with persistent symptoms of acute otitis media despite completing a 5-day course of high-dose amoxicillin. Which of the following treatment options should be offered next?
14. Question: A patient with open-angle glaucoma experiences dry mouth, ocular hyperemia, and local burning and stinging after starting treatment with a topical medication. Which of the following medications is most likely to cause these adverse effects?
15. Question: A 70-year-old male patient with a history of BPH and glaucoma presents to the clinic with symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis, sneezing, itching, and watery eyes. The patient reports difficulty sleeping due to the symptoms and requests an antihistamine. Considering the patient’s age and medical history, which antihistamine would be the most appropriate choice?
16. Question: A 25-year-old female patient presents with severe nodulocystic acne vulgaris that has not responded to topical treatments. She is not pregnant and has no history of depression. Which oral medication would be the most appropriate choice?
17. Question: A 60-year-old female patient with rheumatoid arthritis presents with flare-ups of joint pain and swelling. She’s currently using topical and intranasal steroids for other conditions. Which glucocorticoid route for RA best controls symptoms while minimizing systemic effects?
18. Question: A patient with open-angle glaucoma has been prescribed a topical medication to lower intraocular pressure. The healthcare provider recommends a once-daily evening application. Which of the following medications is most appropriate for open-angle glaucoma?
19. Question: A 7-year-old child with a history of severe penicillin allergy presents with symptoms of acute otitis media. Which antibiotic drug class should be avoided in this child?
20. Question: A patient presents with symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. You decide to prescribe a topical medication that provides immediate symptomatic relief and also prevents the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells. Which medication would be the most appropriate choice?
    

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NR 566 Week 5 Quiz – Practice Questions and Answers

1. Question: Why is combination therapy of topical clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide aimed at preventing resistance to clindamycin?
2. Question: Why are topical agents commonly used for the treatment of acne?
3. Question: How do topical keratolytic agents function in the treatment of acne?
4. Question: Why are second-generation antihistamines preferred for patients requiring alertness?
5. Question: Why is benzoyl peroxide considered a first-line drug for mild to moderate acne?
6. Question: Why is betaxolol indicated for the treatment of glaucoma?
7. Question: How does cromolyn prevent the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells?
8. Question: How does dextromethorphan act in the central nervous system to relieve cough?
9. Question: How does dimenhydrinate work to reduce symptoms of motion sickness?
10. Question: How do H1 antagonists in over-the-counter sleep aids help induce sleep?
11. Question: How can certain fruit juices, like orange juice, reduce the absorption of fexofenadine?
12. Question: How does grapefruit juice inhibit the absorption of fexofenadine?
13. Question: How do glucocorticoids alter the activity of target genes through their action in the cell nucleus?
14. Question: How do glucocorticoids produce anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects?
15. Question: Why does glucocorticoid therapy induce osteoporosis, and what are the mechanisms involved?
16. Question: Why are glucocorticoids not effective as sole therapy for severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis?
17. Question: Why is sedation a common side effect of antihistamines, and what are the potential consequences?
18. Question: Why might an OTC sleep aid containing diphenhydramine or pyrilamine be appropriate for a patient concerned about side effects and habit formation?
19. Question: Why should caution be used when administering antihistamines to infants?
20. Question: Why are second-generation antihistamines preferred for managing excessive daytime sedation?
21. Question: How do H1-receptor antagonists work to relieve allergic symptoms?
22. Question: Why is intranasal cromolyn sodium best suited for prophylaxis in allergic rhinitis?
23. Question: How does cromolyn sodium suppress the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators?
24. Question: Why is intranasal cromolyn sodium indicated for allergic rhinitis?
25. Question: Why are glucocorticoids considered the most effective drugs for preventing and treating allergic rhinitis?
26. Question: How can allergy testing improve the management of allergic rhinitis?
27. Question: What are the common adverse effects of intranasal glucocorticoids?
28. Question: Why are intranasal glucocorticoids recommended as first-line treatment for seasonal allergic rhinitis?
29. Question: How does ipratropium bromide work to relieve bronchospasm?
30. Question: Why should montelukast be considered for patients who do not respond to or cannot tolerate intranasal glucocorticoids or antihistamines?
31. Question: How does montelukast work to manage asthma and allergic rhinitis?
32. Question: Why are ocular decongestants contraindicated in certain patients?
33. Question: Why is a 2% acetic acid solution considered first-line therapy for bacterial otitis externa?
34. Question: What are the common side effects of prostaglandin analogs used in glaucoma treatment?
35. Question: are sympathomimetics indicated for patients who need combined therapy with an antihistamine to relieve nasal congestion?
36. Question: How do sympathomimetics reduce nasal congestion by activating α1-adrenergic receptors?
37. Question: Why is pseudoephedrine associated with abuse potential?
38. Question: Why should timolol be avoided in patients with a history of asthma?
39. Question: How do β-adrenergic blocking agents lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients?
40. Question: What are the common adverse effects of β-adrenergic blocking agents?