Description

Total: 150 Questions and Correct Answers

1. Question: At a follow-up from a hospitalization, an adult patient presents with ankle edema. Which of the following medications is the most likely cause of the edema?
2. Question: An older adult presents with the single complaint of bilateral pedal edema. The patient has a history of diabetes and high blood pressure and is on oral medications. Which of the following medications is the MOST likely cause of the patient’s complaint?
3. Question: An older adult with diabetes mellitus presents with leg cramps that worsen with walking and improve with rest. The nurse practitioner knows that this patient needs a workup for what condition?
4. Question: Your 53-year-old female patient has pulmonary arterial hypertension. Which ventricle is directly experiencing increased afterload from this disease state?
5. Question: The patient you just saw is being hospitalized for sepsis. Which does NOT represent evidence of poor end-organ function?
6. Question: Your patient presents with pale, waxy legs, weak peripheral pulses, and calf pain with walking. What is the most appropriate non-invasive test to evaluate leg vascular flow?
7. Question: Which medication is NOT considered part of optimal medical therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?
8. Question: Your patient with peripheral arterial disease asks which risk factor is non-modifiable. Which is the best answer?
9. Question: After acute MI with stent placement in a patient with HFrEF, what should be a priority in post-discharge heart failure management?
10. Question: Which medical procedure is commonly used to treat paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?
11. Question: Which of the following individuals is at highest risk for type II diabetes?
12. Question: A 60-year-old man presents with kidney stones, abdominal pain, bone pain, hypercalcemia, and low phosphate. What is the most likely diagnosis?
13. Question: An adult patient on levothyroxine presents with tachycardia and nervousness. What adjustment should be anticipated?
14. Question: A woman with low TSH and a tender thyroid presents after travel. Which laboratory tests should be ordered next?
15. Question: A 50-year-old man with fatigue, hyperpigmentation, low sodium, high potassium, and low cortisol likely has which condition?
16. Question: Which hormone is produced in the pancreas and counteracts hypoglycemia?
17. Question: Patients on levothyroxine should be monitored for signs of which complication?
18. Question: A patient with Hashimoto’s disease has an elevated TSH despite levothyroxine therapy. What is the next best action?
19. Question: After confirming hypercortisolism, what is the next critical diagnostic step?
20. Question: All of the following are symptoms of hypocalcemia EXCEPT which?
21. Question: Management of COPD in the elderly is best guided by what factor?
22. Question: A frail elderly patient presents with constipation. Which normal physiologic change of aging is the most likely cause?
23. Question: A 90-year-old woman shows signs suspicious for elder abuse. What is the nurse practitioner obligated to do next?
24. Question: An elderly patient with end-stage lung cancer is refusing meals. What is the most appropriate nurse practitioner response?
25. Question: A 92-year-old patient with gradual cognitive decline after prior CVA most likely has which diagnosis?
26. Question: An adolescent with asthma continues to have nocturnal cough despite medication changes. What is the most likely cause?
27. Question: A patient with hepatitis C fears liver failure. Which historical factor most significantly contributes to disease progression?
28. Question: Which tumor marker is important in suspected colon cancer?
29. Question: A patient with acute pancreatitis presents with elevated lipase and CT findings. What is the most important acute intervention?
30. Question: A 54-year-old overweight male with nocturnal heartburn relieved by baking soda most likely has which diagnosis?
31. Question: A patient with cirrhosis and tense ascites presents with abdominal distention. What is indicated for treatment?
32. Question: A young woman with bloody diarrhea and continuous colonic inflammation most likely has which diagnosis?
33. Question: If biliary obstruction is suspected, what is the preferred initial imaging modality?
34. Question: A patient with recurrent upper GI bleeding and negative endoscopy requires further evaluation. Which procedures are appropriate?
35. Question: Which sphincter is involved in gastroesophageal reflux disease?
36. Question: Which scenario is an example of implied consent?
37. Question: A patient threatens to kill a provider after discharge. This statement represents which legal concept?
38. Question: Which term describes the primary access point of care encouraged by the Affordable Care Act?
39. Question: Which 1996 act protects patient health information from unauthorized disclosure?
40. Question: In a mass casualty event with anthrax exposure, what is the drug of choice for prophylaxis?
41. Question: What is the most common infecting organism in bacterial sialadenitis?
42. Question: A smoker with hoarseness lasting over three months should undergo what next step?
43. Question: A young adult with sore throat and dysphagia should be evaluated for which potentially life-threatening illness?
44. Question: An older woman with chronic nasal congestion after menopause most likely has which condition?
45. Question: A patient with a Le Fort III fracture is at risk for which complication?
46. Question: A patient with epiglottitis and worsening stridor requires preparation for what intervention?
47. Question: Which finding best characterizes presbycusis?
48. Question: What diagnostic aid should be used for suspected corneal abrasion?
49. Question: A patient with viral upper respiratory symptoms and no fever should initially receive what treatment?
50. Question: Which factor is most commonly associated with premature gum decay?
51. Question: Which iron supplementation strategy would likely be ineffective?
52. Question: A patient on warfarin has an INR of 5.5. What should the nurse practitioner do?
53. Question: Which CBC indices are most consistent with iron deficiency anemia?
54. Question: A patient with intrinsic factor autoantibodies is at risk for which condition?
55. Question: Which blood lead level would require chelation therapy?
56. Question: Overactivation of coagulation and fibrinolysis causing bleeding and thrombosis describes which condition?
57. Question: Proper iron therapy typically resolves iron deficiency anemia within what timeframe?
58. Question: A patient with chronic liver disease and bleeding symptoms likely has which condition?
59. Question: An asymptomatic patient with mild neutropenia should receive what level of intervention?
60. Question: A battery factory worker with abdominal pain and fatigue should have which lab included?
61. Question: Anaphylaxis represents which type of hypersensitivity reaction?
62. Question: What is the first-line treatment for mild systemic lupus erythematosus?
63. Question: Methotrexate therapy correlates with which diagnosis?
64. Question: A butterfly rash with fatigue and joint pain suggests which disease?
65. Question: Which medication category is NOT part of standard HIV therapy?
66. Question: Which treatment is NOT recommended for newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis?
67. Question: A woman with fatigue, joint pain, and malar rash requires what initial management?
68. Question: What is the most likely treatment strategy for stage IV Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
69. Question: Which intervention best confirms a diagnosis of lymphoma?
70. Question: A vesicular dermatomal rash preceded by hypersensitivity indicates which illness?
71. Question: What is the most effective method for removing seborrheic keratosis?
72. Question: Which statement about squamous cell carcinoma is true?
73. Question: Plaque-like lesions on extensor surfaces treated with DMARDs indicate which condition?
74. Question: Which medication is prescribed to treat pinworm infection?
75. Question: A raised nasal lesion with a bloody central appearance most likely represents which diagnosis?
76. Question: You are admitting an otherwise healthy 67-year-old female patient with hypotension who recently stopped chronic mometasone ointment use. What is the likely diagnosis of her admission?
77. Question: Treatment of acute poison ivy includes which of the following?
78. Question: A 61-year-old female with lichen sclerosus is prescribed clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment. Which patient statement demonstrates correct understanding of this medication?
79. Question: A 35-year-old woman presents with a new asymmetrical, irregular, multicolored pigmented lesion on her back. What is the most appropriate next step in management?
80. Question: Using the rule of palms, a patient with burns equivalent to 20 palms represents what percent of total body surface area?
81. Question: A 50-year-old man with knee osteoarthritis has pain interfering with daily activities. What is the most appropriate initial non-pharmacologic management?
82. Question: An 84-year-old patient with bilateral low back pain worsened by standing and relieved by forward flexion most likely has which diagnosis?
83. Question: A 50-year-old woman with osteoporosis presents for routine care. What medication is most appropriate to prevent further bone loss?
84. Question: Which of the following is not assessed when evaluating compartment syndrome?
85. Question: A geriatric patient with acute gout flare recently restarted allopurinol. His pain is worsening. What should the nurse practitioner do?
86. Question: Which treatment is most successful for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome?
87. Question: An elderly patient with persistent radiculopathy-associated low back pain and prior lumbar discectomy requires which imaging study?
88. Question: Which medication is a urate-lowering drug used in conjunction with NSAIDs for gout?
89. Question: An adolescent athlete presents with shoulder pain and inability to raise the arm above shoulder level. What is the most likely diagnosis?
90. Question: Which behavior is most likely to precipitate rhabdomyolysis?
91. Question: Which antihypertensive medication should not be used in a patient with acute kidney injury?
92. Question: An ESRD patient on hemodialysis who missed treatments is most likely to have acute elevation of which lab value?
93. Question: Which step in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is inhibited by lisinopril?
94. Question: Which clinical scenario represents postrenal failure?
95. Question: Periorbital edema, peripheral edema, and macroalbuminuria describe which renal condition?
96. Question: A young male with dysuria and sterile pyuria should be evaluated for what condition?
97. Question: A healthy 25-year-old woman with uncomplicated UTI should receive which first-line antibiotic?
98. Question: Which bacteria are commonly associated with pyelonephritis?
99. Question: An older adult with diabetes, COPD, hypertension, and osteoarthritis develops chronic kidney disease. What is the most likely cause?
100. Question: Which antihypertensive medication class is most appropriate for a patient with chronic kidney disease and declining GFR?
101. Question: Abrupt discontinuation of chronic anti-seizure medication places the patient at risk for what effect?
102. Question: Which incomplete spinal cord injury is associated with cervical hyperflexion?
103. Question: Which screening tool is most easily administered in practice to assess cognitive decline?
104. Question: Progressive muscular weakness over 15 months allows reasonable exclusion of which diagnosis?
105. Question: Which condition makes a patient ineligible for estrogen-containing oral contraceptives?
106. Question: A patient with Parkinson’s disease presents with acute hypotension after treatment. Which medication is the likely cause?
107. Question: Inability to look inward and downward with one eye indicates dysfunction of which cranial nerve?
108. Question: Which cranial nerve is responsible for shoulder shrug?
109. Question: A young woman presents with acute vertigo, nausea, and vomiting without hearing loss. What is the most appropriate initial management?
110. Question: A patient with severe polyuria after head trauma and increased intracranial pressure should be treated for which condition?
111. Question: A toddler with otitis media and a systolic murmur should receive what next step in management?
112. Question: An infant with retinal hemorrhages and signs of abusive head trauma should receive which diagnostic study?
113. Question: A child diagnosed with Fifth disease should receive what initial management?
114. Question: A child with fever, cough, lymphadenopathy, and a spreading rash beginning on the face most likely has which diagnosis?
115. Question: A teenager with asthma symptoms more than twice weekly and nocturnal symptoms weekly is classified as which severity?
116. Question: What finding characterizes a positive Auspitz sign in psoriasis?
117. Question: Which finding in an infant with suspected colic indicates need for further evaluation?
118. Question: An adolescent with exertional syncope and systolic murmur that increases with standing most likely has which diagnosis?
119. Question: What is the most common trigger for asthma exacerbations in children?
120. Question: At what age do children typically begin cooperative play?
121. Question: Which finding represents an extrapyramidal symptom?
122. Question: Patient education for depression treatment should emphasize which goal?
123. Question: Amitriptyline overdose should be treated with which agent?
124. Question: A patient with galactorrhea on multiple medications should discontinue or change which drug?
125. Question: Before increasing SSRI dosage for persistent postpartum depression, which lab test is most important?
126. Question: Patients treated with haloperidol should be warned about which potential adverse effect?
127. Question: Which medication does not increase the risk of serotonin syndrome when combined with SSRIs?
128. Question: Which class of anti-anxiety medications should be limited to the shortest duration and lowest dose?
129. Question: A patient in remission from depression wishes to stop venlafaxine. What is the best recommendation?
130. Question: First-line therapy for newly diagnosed anxiety includes which strategy?
131. Question: Which factor places a woman at highest risk for pelvic inflammatory disease?
132. Question: What is the most appropriate initial treatment for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy?
133. Question: A woman with a firm, non-tender breast mass should undergo what next step?
134. Question: Which imaging study best differentiates solid from cystic breast lesions?
135. Question: A pregnant woman with mild nausea and vomiting should initially receive which therapy?
136. Question: At how many weeks’ gestation is the uterine fundus typically at the umbilicus?
137. Question: Which factor increases risk for genital herpes infection?
138. Question: A woman with obesity, hirsutism, irregular menses, and elevated testosterone most likely has which diagnosis?
139. Question: Emergency contraception within 120 hours of sexual assault should include which medication?
140. Question: A young woman with fever, hypotension, diarrhea, tachycardia, and erythematous palms requires which physical exam component?
141. Question: A patient treated for lymphoma develops acute dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
142. Question: A patient with suspected tuberculosis should receive which priority intervention?
143. Question: Which organism is a common cause of bacterial pneumonia?
144. Question: Absence of positive lymph nodes rules out which lung cancer stage?
145. Question: Appropriate treatment for costochondritis includes:
146. Question: Which of the following agents would NOT be useful in reducing pulmonary edema in a patient with cardiogenic shock?
147. Question: An adult patient presents with a 2-day history of intermittent stabbing chest pain that worsens with deep breaths. The patient reports a nonproductive cough and no fever for several days, and denies trauma, palpitations, or GI symptoms. T = 98.7°F (37°C), P = 86, R = 20/min, BP = 112/60 mm Hg, O2 Sat = 97%. Lungs are clear to auscultation, and heart sounds are normal S1 and S2 without murmurs, clicks, or rubs. Physical examination reveals localized chest wall tenderness at the costal margin. An EKG shows normal sinus rhythm. Chest X-ray is normal. The most likely diagnosis is:
148. Question: A patient returns for a follow up 3 days after being diagnosed with pneumonia. The patient has a productive cough. A sputum culture and sensitivity is ordered. Which of the following is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia?
149. Question: A 55-year-old man with a history of smoking presents with a persistent cough and hemoptysis. A chest X-ray reveals a solitary lung nodule. What is the most appropriate next step?
150. Question: Severity of COPD is most effectively evaluated with the use of which diagnostic test?